设置Linux命令或者shell脚本的运行时间限制 |
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有些shell脚本或者命令，只有在规定时间内运行完成才有意义，这时可以设置脚本/命令的时间限制，如果在设定时间内，还没有完成，则终止命令/脚本。可以使用timeout命令来做到，先看一下它的用法： $ man timeout TIMEOUT(1) User Commands TIMEOUT(1) NAME timeout - run a command with a time limit SYNOPSIS timeout [OPTION] DURATION COMMAND [ARG]... timeout [OPTION] DESCRIPTION Start COMMAND, and kill it if still running after DURATION. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. --preserve-status exit with the same status as COMMAND, even when the command times out --foreground When not running timeout directly from a shell prompt, allow COMMAND to read from the TTY and receive TTY signals. In this mode, children of COMMAND will not be timed out. -k, --kill-after=DURATION also send a KILL signal if COMMAND is still running this long after the initial signal was sent. -s, --signal=SIGNAL specify the signal to be sent on timeout. SIGNAL may be a name like 'HUP' or a number. See 'kill -l' for a list of signals --help display this help and exit --version output version information and exit DURATION is a floating point number with an optional suffix: 's' for seconds (the default), 'm' for minutes, 'h' for hours or 'd' for days. If the command times out, and --preserve-status is not set, then exit with status 124. Otherwise, exit with the status of COMMAND. If no signal is specified, send the TERM signal upon timeout. The TERM signal kills any process that does not block or catch that signal. It may be necessary to use the KILL (9) signal, since this signal cannot be caught, in which case the exit status is 128+9 rather than 124. BUGS Some platforms don't curently support timeouts beyond 2038 AUTHOR Written by Padraig Brady. REPORTING BUGS Report timeout bugs to [email protected] GNU coreutils home page: General help using GNU software: Report timeout translation bugs to COPYRIGHT Copyright 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later . This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent per鈥[m mitted by law. SEE ALSO kill(1) The full documentation for timeout is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and timeout programs are properly installed at your site, the command info coreutils 'timeout invocation' should give you access to the complete manual. GNU coreutils 8.21 March 2016 TIMEOUT(1)
示例1，假设有如下脚本，每隔一秒钟输出一次系统时间 qingsong@db2a:~$ cat infiniteloop.sh #!/bin/bash while true do echo -n "Current date: " date sleep 1 done qingsong@db2a:~$ bash infiniteloop.sh Current date: Thu Aug 17 02:48:15 PDT 2017 Current date: Thu Aug 17 02:48:16 PDT 2017 Current date: Thu Aug 17 02:48:17 PDT 2017 Current date: Thu Aug 17 02:48:18 PDT 2017 Current date: Thu Aug 17 02:48:19 PDT 2017 Current date: Thu Aug 17 02:48:20 PDT 2017 Current date: Thu Aug 17 02:48:21 PDT 2017 Current date: Thu Aug 17 02:48:22 PDT 2017 Current date: Thu Aug 17 02:48:23 PDT 2017 ^C |
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